Among patients with family history of P-CAD, a more frequent occurrence of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, abdominal obesity, and smoking has been reported. It has been estimated that the age-adjusted odds ratio of cardiovascular events is around 2.5 greater among individuals with family history of P-CAD, with a further 10-fold increase if the first-degree relative was affected under the age of 45. A particularly robust factor affecting the offspring is myocardial infarction (MI) occurrence before the age of 55 for men and 65 for women. The relationship between family history of P-CAD in first-degree relatives and increased risk of atherosclerosis-based diseases is well described. Premature coronary artery disease (P-CAD) has a multifactorial etiology and is most likely a mixture of genetic and environmental factors. Young healthy adults with family history of P-CAD present unfavorable dietary patterns and are potentially a target group for CAD primary prevention programs. In both crude and adjusted models, subjects with family history of P-CAD showed higher adherence by 31% and 25% to ‘westernized traditional’ DP (odds ratio (OR) 1.31, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.12–1.53 p < 0.005 per 1 unit of standard deviation (SD) of DP score and adjOR 1.25, 95% CI: 1.06–1.48 p = 0.007 per 1 unit of SD of DP score, respectively). Three DPs were identified: ‘prudent’, ‘westernized traditional’ and ‘dairy, breakfast cereals, and treats’. Two models were created: crude and adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, place of residence, financial situation, education, and physical activity at leisure time. The associations between the adherence to DPs and family history of P-CAD were investigated using logistic regression. Dietary patterns (DP) were derived using principal component analysis (PCA). Dietary data were collected with food frequency questionnaire FFQ-6. The participants were healthy adults aged 18–35 years old, with ( n = 351) and without a family history of P-CAD ( n = 338).

The data came from the MAGNETIC case-control study. The aim of this study was twofold: (1) to identify dietary patterns in a sample of young healthy adults with (cases) and without (controls) family history of P-CAD, and (2) to study the association between dietary patterns and family history of P-CAD. Dietary habits of healthy offspring with a positive family history of premature coronary artery disease (P-CAD) have not been studied so far.

Pcad 2001 reference designs